Foot Muscles

The foot muscles are grouped into 4 regions:

  • Medial Plantar Region
  • Lateral Plantar Region
  • Middle Plantar Region
  • Dorsal Region
Medial Plantar Region   Lateral Plantar Region
hallux abductor
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
  Minimal Abductor
Minimal Short Flexor
Minimum opponent
Middle Plantar Region   Dorsal Region
Short Flexor (Plantar) of the Toes
Plantar Square
lumbricals
Plantar Interosseous
dorsal interossei
  Short Finger Extender
Extensor hallucis brevis

Medial Plantar Region

1. HALUX ABDUCT

Proximal Insertion : Calcaneus

Distal Insertion : Proximal phalanx of hallux

Innervation : Medial Plantar Nerve (L5 - S1)

Action : Flexion and Abduction of the Hallux

2. SHORT HALUX FLEXOR

Proximal Insertion l: Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

Distal Insertion : Proximal phalanx of hallux

Innervation : Medial and Lateral Plantar Nerve (L5 - S1)

Action : Flexion of the MF of the Hallux

3. HALUX ADDUCTOR

Proximal Insertion : 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals

Distal Insertion : Proximal phalanx of hallux

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Adduction of the Hallux

Lateral Plantar Region

1. MINIMUM ABDUTOR

Proximal Insertion : Calcaneus

Distal Insertion : Proximal phalanx of 5th finger

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Abduction of the 5th finger

2. MINIMUM SHORT FLEXOR

Proximal Insertion : Cuboid

Distal Insertion : Proximal phalanx of 5th finger

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Flexion of the MF of the 5th Finger

3. MINIMUM OPPONENT

Proximal Insertion : Cuboid

Distal Insertion : 5th metatarsal

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Adduction of the 5th Metatarsal

 

Dorsal Region

1. SHORT FINGER EXTENDER

Proximal Insertion : Calcaneus

Distal Insertion : Tendon of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th extensor digitorum longus

Innervation : Deep Fibular Nerve (L5 – S1)

Action : Extension of the 2nd to 4th Fingers

 

2. SHORT HALUX EXTENDER

Proximal Insertion l: Calcaneus

Distal Insertion: Proximal phalanx of hallux

Innervation : Deep Fibular Nerve (L5 – S1)

Action : Extension of the hallux

Middle Plantar Region

1. SHORT FINGERS FLEXOR

Proximal Insertion : Calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

Distal Insertion : Middle phalanx of 2nd to 5th fingers

Innervation : Medial Plantar Nerve (L5 - S1)

Action : Flexion of the IFP and IFD of the 2nd to 5th Fingers

2. PLANT SQUARE

Proximal Insertion : Calcaneus

Distal Insertion : Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Flexion of the MF, IFP and IFD of the 2nd to 5th Fingers

3. LUMBRICALS

Proximal Insertion : Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus

Distal Insertion : Tendon of the extensor digitorum longus and proximal phalanx of the 2nd to 5th digits

Innervation : Medial Plantar Nerve (2nd and 3rd toes) and Lateral Plantar (4th and 5th toes) (L5 – S3)

Action : Flexion of the MF and Proprioception

 

4. PLANTAR INTEROSSES (3 Muscles)

Proximal Insertion : Medial border of 3rd to 5th metatarsals

Distal Insertion : Medial border of proximal phalanges of 3rd to 5th fingers

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Approximation (Adduction) of the Fingers and Flexion of the FM

5. DORSAL INTEROSSES (4 Muscles)

Proximal Insertion : Between the metatarsal bones

Distal Insertion : Bases of the proximal phalanges of the 2nd to 4th fingers and tendons of the long extensors of the fingers

Innervation : Lateral Plantar Nerve (S2 - S3)

Action : Retraction (Abduction) of the Fingers and Flexion of the MF

 

FOOT MUSCLES
Dorsal Region - Superficial Dissection
Músculos do Pé - Região Dorsal - Dissecação Superficial

 

Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FOOT MUSCLES
Dorsal Region - Deep Dissection
 Músculos do Pé - Região Dorsal - Dissecação Profunda
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FOOT MUSCLES
Plantar Region - Superficial Dissection
Músculos do Pé - Região Plantar - Dissecação Superficial
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FOOT MUSCLES
Plantar Region - First Layer
 Músculos do Pé - Região Plantar - Primeira Camada
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FOOT MUSCLES
Plantar Region - Second Layer
Músculos do Pé - Região Plantar - Segunda Camada
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FOOT MUSCLES
Plantar Region - Third Layer
 Músculos do Pé - Região Plantar - Terceira Camada
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

foot muscles
dorsal interossei
foot muscles
Plantar Interosseous
Músculos do Pé - Interósseos DorsaisMúsculos do Pé - Interósseos Plantares
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000. Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

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